Saffron Planting Guide
Suitable weather Saffron :
Saffron is a plant in subtropical areas with mild winters and hot, dry summer is going well . Sleep or rest period in plants ( summer ) rainfall or irrigation is so harmful for cultivation in warm southern regions of Gilan and Mazandaran provinces and territories is not common .
Sunny land without trees, is also exposed to cold winds are not suitable for growing saffron .
The plant’s maximum temperature between 40 to 35 ° C and at altitudes between 1300 and 2300 meters above sea level , has shown a good performance .
Suitable soil for growing saffron :
Since relatively large onion, saffron -term ( 7-5 years old ) stayed on Earth . Earth, sand, clay or a combination of the onion to the style of this period in addition to the food supply , in contrast to the specific requirements of regional resistance .
moist , acidic preferred .
Saffron hold ground with stones or weeds or decaying organic matter is not a good product, it does not .
Preparing the ground :
The plots of land are classified by length and width than the slope of the plots of land and water power set .
breaking the crust of the weeds are cleared in August or September after playing 40 -80 tons of manure and 200 kg ammonium phosphate as the Faroe reshaped and prepared for cultivation . ( Of course nutritionists have recommended that about 250 kg of potassium sulphate is mixed with the soil at this stage )
Onion and saffron :
Only by establishing new fields of saffron bulbs available and is common . So the preparation and selection of the finest bulbs for planting in the development of culture is important.
Better onions are planted in the ground after removing the bulb while continuing to break new ground to be deployed .
in a cool, dry place with a height of 30-20 cm can be stored in the player , but it would lack the physiological development of flowers and fruit the first year of cultivation dramatically reduced .
displacement is gone and it hurt . based on research conducted by the Industrial Research Center of Khorasan best time is May cultivate .
The type and quantity of onion cultivation of saffron :
As was said by saffron bulb Shoot The Bold bulbs ( corms ) will be increasing the size of a hazelnut to a walnut is different .
Bulbs should be chosen larger , more healthy and without ulcers and abrasions and free of disease.
It fungicide before planting onions with such toxins Sarzan series Tizan and Gramnion Other than 500-300 mg of venom to be disinfected hundred pounds of onions against fungal diseases .
When planting is better than Polk or floor dry layer of onions and some onion skins are separated from the water absorption by the free onion sprouting easier and faster to do .
Planning and planting the bulbs , depending on the coarseness of 10-3 tons per hectare varies . Planting distances are usually 30-25 cm from each side.
planting bulbs in each hole 5 digit take rate will be 5 tons . It is best that the investigation onions, onions with a size greater than 8 g.
Planting crocus bulbs :
The saffron bulbs for planting hole with a shovel in a row and they were told so in each hole of 3-15 onions are located.
Bulb planting depth 20-15 cm and considered at the time of planting the bulb should be facing up .
Bulb at a depth of 20 cm in the winter cold and summer heat , and other environmental stresses such as frost protection .
these are men and the rest of his career continue to be planted in all the land . Finally, the surface is not flat field with a shovel or trowel, walk straight and pressed to make dirt stick to the onions .
Cultivated land that is irrigated until the autumn before the water is released in about 20-10 tonnes of well rotten manure should be spread on the ground with a shovel or four branches .
In Spain Planting saffron crocus bulbs ‘re done working piles in row 4 instead of 5 to 8 cm apart from each other to be planted .
And between rows 35-30 cm away. After surgery on the tracks with a trowel and covered with row crop appears .
Irrigation :
Depending on the climate in different parts of the Khorasan region from mid- September to early October Saffron starts watering .
used in subsequent land leveler kill. Earth’s crust causes the flower buds break more easily come out of the soil and grow strong and be good .
Irrigation apart after the first 15-20 days after the first flowers appear saffron crocus field obviously does not give a significant product in the first year .
From early April until the color of the leaves are yellowing like every 12-6 days watering is done .
It should be noted that after an irrigation delayed weeding to prevent weeds gone green again . Finally, the coarse onion juice is effective .
Breaking crust :
As noted after the first irrigation as a way to break the crust Gavro ground an onion farm level should not harm the best means of breaking the crust hoe and shovel and plow furrow Iran is coltivaror.
Makes it easy to break the crust of flowers come out of the soil and manure is mixed with the soil .soil, ground onion paste kill trowel .
Weeding weeds : weeds through competition with saffron plant of water and nutrients and sunlight is reduced crop planting and harvesting of saffron may also create and host a number of diseases and insect harassment is particularly nematodes .
Weeding weeds that grew in the field at any time is essential in saffron fields first weeding after second watering and weeding destroy weeds are saffron fields .
Commonly, the first weeding harvesting saffron flower and the second , if necessary, within about a month before the water comes in third .
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